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Melatonin and Major Neurocognitive Disorders: Beyond the Management of Sleep and Circadian Rhythm Dysfunction

Olakunle James Onaolapo, Adejoke Yetunde Onaolapo.


Abstract
Major neurocognitive disorders (dementias) are characterised by impairments in memory, cognition, and several aspects of behaviour. Sleep disorders arising from circadian rhythm and sleep-wake cycle dysfunctions are among the most-troubling challenges encountered in individuals with dementia; and for which administration of melatonergic agents is an important management option. However, in addition to this, melatonin and melatonin receptor agonists appear unique in their potential for modulating symptoms known to be associated with major neurocognitive disorders, or altering the course of the underlying pathology; and they are being continuously investigated for their ability to prevent or reverse cognitive decline, as well as for their antioxidant/neuroprotective properties. In this review, we examine the roles of melatonin and melatonergic agents in the management of major neurocognitive disorders; by looking beyond their classic roles in the management of dementia-related sleep disorders, to other potential roles in the overall management of symptoms, and improvement of the quality of life of individuals with dementia.

Key words: Alzheimer disease; Cognition; Dementia; Sleep; Melatonin receptors; Parkinson’s disease.


 
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Pubmed Style

Onaolapo OJ, Onaolapo AY. Melatonin and Major Neurocognitive Disorders: Beyond the Management of Sleep and Circadian Rhythm Dysfunction. Sleep Hypn. 2019; 21(1): 73-96.

Web Style

Onaolapo OJ, Onaolapo AY. Melatonin and Major Neurocognitive Disorders: Beyond the Management of Sleep and Circadian Rhythm Dysfunction. https://www.sleepandhypnosis.com/?mno=291426 [Access: June 23, 2026].

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Onaolapo OJ, Onaolapo AY. Melatonin and Major Neurocognitive Disorders: Beyond the Management of Sleep and Circadian Rhythm Dysfunction. Sleep Hypn. 2019; 21(1): 73-96.


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Onaolapo OJ, Onaolapo AY. Melatonin and Major Neurocognitive Disorders: Beyond the Management of Sleep and Circadian Rhythm Dysfunction. Sleep Hypn. (2019), [cited June 23, 2026]; 21(1): 73-96.


Harvard Style

Onaolapo, O. J. & Onaolapo, . A. Y. (2019) Melatonin and Major Neurocognitive Disorders: Beyond the Management of Sleep and Circadian Rhythm Dysfunction. Sleep Hypn, 21 (1), 73-96.


Turabian Style

Onaolapo, Olakunle James, and Adejoke Yetunde Onaolapo. 2019. Melatonin and Major Neurocognitive Disorders: Beyond the Management of Sleep and Circadian Rhythm Dysfunction. Sleep and Hypnosis, 21 (1), 73-96.


Chicago Style

Onaolapo, Olakunle James, and Adejoke Yetunde Onaolapo. "Melatonin and Major Neurocognitive Disorders: Beyond the Management of Sleep and Circadian Rhythm Dysfunction." Sleep and Hypnosis 21 (2019), 73-96.


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Onaolapo, Olakunle James, and Adejoke Yetunde Onaolapo. "Melatonin and Major Neurocognitive Disorders: Beyond the Management of Sleep and Circadian Rhythm Dysfunction." Sleep and Hypnosis 21.1 (2019), 73-96. Print.


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Onaolapo, O. J. & Onaolapo, . A. Y. (2019) Melatonin and Major Neurocognitive Disorders: Beyond the Management of Sleep and Circadian Rhythm Dysfunction. Sleep and Hypnosis, 21 (1), 73-96.


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