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Original Research 


Associations between Online Addiction, Attachment Style, Emotion Regulation, Depression and Anxiety in General Population: Testing the Proposed Diagnostic Criteria for Internet Addiction

Ebubekir Ceyhan, Murat Boysan, Muhammed Tayyip Kadak.


Abstract
The focus of this study was twofold. The first aim of the study was to investigate psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Chen Internet Addiction Scale (CIAS). Second, we explored the relations between Internet Addiction, Attachment Style, Emotion Regulation, Depression and Anxiety among college students. A total of 754 college students participated in the study. The CIAS, Young Internet Addiction Test (YIAT), Experiences in Close Relationship-Revised (ECR-R), Difficulties in Emotional Regulation Scale (DERS), Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0) were administered in the study. The CIAS was subjected to confirmatory factor analysis. The associations between Internet addiction, attachment styles, difficulty in emotion regulation, anxiety and depression were evaluated using one-way analysis of variance and logistic regression analysis. The signal detection analysis showed that a cut value of 64 for the CIAS, with diagnostic accuracy of 97.1% and a cut value of 40 for the YIAT, with diagnostic accuracy of 86.9% were evaluated to be best diagnostic cutoff points. Considering univariate relationships between variables of interest, fearful and preoccupied attachment were significantly associated with pathological Internet use. Logistic regression analyses demonstrated that being male, difficulties in emotional regulation, anxiety and depression statistically significantly contributed to the risk for development of Internet addiction. Internet addiction as indexed by the CIAS cutoff is a highly debilitating mental disorder.

Key words: Behavioral addiction; Affect regulation; Addictive behaviours; Diagnostic accuracy; Assessment; Confirmatory factor analysis; Psychopathology


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Ceyhan E, Boysan M, Kadak MT. Associations between Online Addiction, Attachment Style, Emotion Regulation, Depression and Anxiety in General Population: Testing the Proposed Diagnostic Criteria for Internet Addiction. Sleep Hypn. 2019; 21(2): 123-139.

Web Style

Ceyhan E, Boysan M, Kadak MT. Associations between Online Addiction, Attachment Style, Emotion Regulation, Depression and Anxiety in General Population: Testing the Proposed Diagnostic Criteria for Internet Addiction. https://www.sleepandhypnosis.com/?mno=295904 [Access: June 23, 2026].

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Ceyhan E, Boysan M, Kadak MT. Associations between Online Addiction, Attachment Style, Emotion Regulation, Depression and Anxiety in General Population: Testing the Proposed Diagnostic Criteria for Internet Addiction. Sleep Hypn. 2019; 21(2): 123-139.


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Ceyhan E, Boysan M, Kadak MT. Associations between Online Addiction, Attachment Style, Emotion Regulation, Depression and Anxiety in General Population: Testing the Proposed Diagnostic Criteria for Internet Addiction. Sleep Hypn. (2019), [cited June 23, 2026]; 21(2): 123-139.


Harvard Style

Ceyhan, E., Boysan, . M. & Kadak, . M. T. (2019) Associations between Online Addiction, Attachment Style, Emotion Regulation, Depression and Anxiety in General Population: Testing the Proposed Diagnostic Criteria for Internet Addiction. Sleep Hypn, 21 (2), 123-139.


Turabian Style

Ceyhan, Ebubekir, Murat Boysan, and Muhammed Tayyip Kadak. 2019. Associations between Online Addiction, Attachment Style, Emotion Regulation, Depression and Anxiety in General Population: Testing the Proposed Diagnostic Criteria for Internet Addiction. Sleep and Hypnosis, 21 (2), 123-139.


Chicago Style

Ceyhan, Ebubekir, Murat Boysan, and Muhammed Tayyip Kadak. "Associations between Online Addiction, Attachment Style, Emotion Regulation, Depression and Anxiety in General Population: Testing the Proposed Diagnostic Criteria for Internet Addiction." Sleep and Hypnosis 21 (2019), 123-139.


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Ceyhan, Ebubekir, Murat Boysan, and Muhammed Tayyip Kadak. "Associations between Online Addiction, Attachment Style, Emotion Regulation, Depression and Anxiety in General Population: Testing the Proposed Diagnostic Criteria for Internet Addiction." Sleep and Hypnosis 21.2 (2019), 123-139. Print.


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Ceyhan, E., Boysan, . M. & Kadak, . M. T. (2019) Associations between Online Addiction, Attachment Style, Emotion Regulation, Depression and Anxiety in General Population: Testing the Proposed Diagnostic Criteria for Internet Addiction. Sleep and Hypnosis, 21 (2), 123-139.


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